基于大小模型结合的货车车牌识别算法与应用

林兵; 颜燕

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.BDR25280

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基于大小模型结合的货车车牌识别算法与应用

更新时间：2026-05-11

- 基于大小模型结合的货车车牌识别算法与应用
- Truck License Plate Recognition Algorithm and Application Based on Large and Small Model Collaboration
- 大数据 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  联通（广东）产业互联网有限公司，广东广州 510000
- 作者简介：
  
  作者照片林兵（1978- ），男，硕士，联通（广东）产业互联网有限公司，高级工程师，公司副总经理，主要研究方向为人工智能、视频处理、云计算、网络安全。
- 基金信息：
  
  作者照片颜燕(1979-);女，硕士，联通（广东）产业互联网有限公司，高级工程师，团队长，主要研究方向为人工智能、视频监控、云计算、网络安全、视频安全
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.BDR25280
  中图分类号： U495
- 收稿：2025-12-17，
  
  修回：2026-04-28，
  
  录用：2026-05-11，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
林兵, 颜燕. 基于大小模型结合的货车车牌识别算法与应用[J/OL]. 大数据, 2026.

Lin Bing, Yan Yan. Truck License Plate Recognition Algorithm and Application Based on Large and Small Model Collaboration[J/OL]. Big Data Research, 2026.
林兵, 颜燕. 基于大小模型结合的货车车牌识别算法与应用[J/OL]. 大数据, 2026. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.BDR25280.

Lin Bing, Yan Yan. Truck License Plate Recognition Algorithm and Application Based on Large and Small Model Collaboration[J/OL]. Big Data Research, 2026. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-0271.BDR25280.

摘要

针对公路大型货车治理中存在的多摄像头视角异构、目标检测任务复杂、传统算法泛化能力不足等问题，本文提出一种基于视觉语言大模型QWen-2.5-VL与YOLO11目标检测模型、PaddleOCRv5文字识别模型结合的多模型智能监控算法。该算法针对道路监控系统采集的车头、侧面、车尾多视角图像，实现吊车检测、车牌清晰度判定、车牌识别及车轴可见性判断四项核心功能。通过构建多任务独立并行推理框架，将视觉语言模型的语义理解能力与目标检测算法的精准定位能力分别应用于不同的任务场景，在真实场景数据集上的实验结果表明，算法在吊车检测任务中mAP达到94%，车牌清晰度判定F1值提升至96%，车轴可见性判断F1值达94.3%。本文的研究成果为公路货运车辆智能化监管提供了高效、可靠的技术方案，具有重要的工程应用价值。

Abstract

To address issues such as heterogeneous camera perspectives

complex object detection tasks

and insufficient generalization capabilities of traditional algorithms in the governance of large trucks on highways

this paper proposes a multi-model intelligent monitoring algorithm based on the deep integration of the visual language model QWen-2.5-VL

the YOLO11 object detection model

and the PaddleOCRv5 text recognition model. The algorithm targets multi-angle images collected by road monitoring systems

including front

side

and rear views

to achieve four core functions: crane detection

license plate clarity assessment

license plate recognition

and axle visibility judgment. By constructing a multi-task independent parallel processing framework

it applies the semantic understanding capability of the visual language model and the precise positioning ability of the object detection algorithm to different task scenarios respectively.Experimental results on real-world scenario datasets show that the algorithm achieves an mAP of 94% in crane detection

an F1 score improvement to 96% in license plate clarity assessment

and an F1 score of 94.3% in axle visibility judgment. The research outcomes provide an efficient and reliable technical solution for the intelligent supervision of highway freight vehicles

with significant engineering application value.

关键词

Keywords

references

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